スラチャイと英語を勉強しましょう!
06/07/2008 --The Asahi Shimbun, June 6(IHT/Asahi: June 7,2008)
EDITORIAL: Food crisis talks
食糧サミット―不足の時代の見取り図を
The world is confronted with an emergency that is worthy of the label "food shock." Skyrocketing prices of wheat, soybeans, rice and other major grains have triggered riots in impoverished countries in Africa and Asia by hungry mobs. Nations increasingly are moving to safeguard their own domestic food supplies.
世界はいま「食糧ショック」とも呼ぶべき事態に直面している。小麦や大豆、コメなど主要穀物の価格が暴騰し、アフリカやアジアの貧しい国で食糧を求める人々による暴動が頻発している。自国の食糧の囲い込みに乗り出す国も増えている。
(impoverished=貧困におちいった)
To address the mounting crisis, the High-Level Conference on World Food Security, sponsored by the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization, met for three days in Rome during the past week. The heads of 50 countries, including Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda, attended to speak out on this pressing global issue. We salute the significance of that gathering.
これに対処しようと、国連食糧農業機関(FAO)主催の「食糧サミット」がローマで開かれた。福田首相をはじめ50カ国の首脳が出席したことで、世界にとって重要かつ緊急の課題であるというメッセージを発した。その意義を評価したい。
(salute=賞賛する、たたえる)
Grain prices began rising a year or so ago. Drought conditions in major agricultural countries overlapped with increased demand for food in developing regions, further spurring the price hikes from this year. Alarmed by the situation, U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki Moon elevated the conference from working level to summit status, and urged top leaders to take part.
穀物価格が上昇し始めたのは1~2年前だ。主要農業国での干ばつ被害や途上国での需要増などが重なり、今年に入り高騰に拍車がかかった。事態を憂慮した潘基文(パン・ギムン)国連事務総長がこの会議を事務レベルから首脳レベルへ引き上げ、参加を呼びかけた。
(spur=拍車をかける、勢いづかせる)
The prices of major grains have jumped 1.5 to 3 times in the international market over the past year alone. Such steep increases render it impossible for many poor countries to purchase enough food to feed their people. At the conference, key nations announced food aid policies. For the time being, however, the only safe course would appear to be to keep expanding such assistance so as to prevent conditions from worsening further.
主要穀物の国際価格はこの1年で1.5~3倍へ上昇した。これでは貧しい国々は必要な量の食糧を買えなくなる。会議では主要各国から食糧支援策が表明されたが、当面は支援を広げて事態の悪化を防ぐしかなかろう。
The real problem is that the soaring prices do not appear to be a passing phenomenon. Experts are of the view that even if speculative money flowing in from financial markets abates, grain prices will continue to remain high.
問題は、高騰が一時的な現象ではなさそうなことだ。金融市場から逃げ込んだマネーによる投機的な動きが鎮まったとしても、穀物価格はかなり高い水準にとどまる。専門家の間ではそんな見方が強まっている。
(abate=勢いがおとろえる)
Supporting such assumptions is the rapid expansion of food appetites in China, India and other highly populated nations hand in hand with their economic growth. By 2050, the world will have an additional 2.5 billion people to feed, bringing the global population to 9 billion. It is a foregone conclusion that demand for food will only escalate.
というのも、中国やインドのような人口大国の「胃袋」が経済成長とともに急速に大きくなっている。世界人口が2050年には今より25億人も増えて90億人に達する。需要が膨らみ続けるのは間違いないからだ。
(foregone=前の、以前の、過去の)
This is precisely why hopes were high that the conference would define an international order to address the emerging era of food shortages. It is regrettable, therefore, that the gathering primarily served to accentuate the points of disagreement on this front.
だからこそ、会議では食糧不足の時代へ向けた国際秩序づくりが期待された。しかし、この面では対立点の方が浮き彫りになったのは残念だ。
(accentuate=強調する、強める)
For example, there are differences in the positions held by food exporters and importers. Some 15 countries have begun to introduce export bans, tariffs or other restrictions on outbound shipments. In the event of an eventual curtailing in food trade due to the inability to rely upon imports, exporting countries would also sustain losses. Yet, even though Japan, the world's greatest net importer of food, used the Rome event to demand self-restraint in the exercising of export controls, exporter nations stuck to their guns, arguing that securing domestic food supplies is their top priority.
第一に食糧の輸出国と輸入国との立場の違いである。輸出禁止や輸出課税など輸出規制を始めた国は15カ国にのぼる。輸入食糧に頼れないなら食糧貿易をやがて縮小させ、輸出国にも損失になる。しかし、最大の食糧純輸入国・日本は「輸出規制の自粛」を求めたが、輸出国は「自国内の食糧確保が最優先」との立場を譲らなかった。
(curtail=短縮する、節約する、切り詰める)(self-restraint=自粛、自制)
There are also clear gaps in thinking between the United States, Brazil and other countries that promote the production of biofuels from farm produce and those that do not. Although this was heavily criticized as a chief cause behind the sharp rise in grain prices, the supporters of that stance made it clear they would not back down.
米国やブラジルなど農産物からつくるバイオ燃料を推進する国と、それ以外の国との違いも鮮明だ。これも穀物高騰の要因だとして批判を浴びているが、推進国側は見直すつもりがないことを明らかにしている。
Can a new order be created to resolve such standoffs? How can a global scheme encouraging increased grain production be put into place? In Japan, a drastic change in current domestic farming policy has become essential.
こうした対立をどう解決して新しい秩序をつくるのか。穀物の増産を促す仕組みを世界的にどう築くか。日本国内では農政の転換が不可欠だ。
(standoff=行き詰まり)
The long-running food glut is quickly becoming a shortage, generating a critical need for revisions that address the changing times. We look forward to speedy preparations to tackle this issue at next month's Group of Eight summit at Lake Toyako in Hokkaido.
長く続いた食糧の余剰から不足へ。時代の転換に合わせた見直し作業がこれから必要になる。7月の洞爺湖サミットに向けて準備を急ぎたい。
(glut=飽食)(tackle=問題を解決する、難問に取り組む)
--The Asahi Shimbun, June 6(IHT/Asahi: June 7,2008)
朝日新聞 6月06日号 (英語版 2008年6月07日発行)
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